AWARE-WWTP
Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health problem. Resistant bacteria and resistance genes can enter the environment via wastewater. Wastewater is treated in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), but these plants are not specifically designed to remove all bacteria and viruses. The international AWARE research project investigated the role of wastewater and treatment plants in the spread of antibiotic resistance.
Aim
The project had 3 objectives:
- To investigate whether treatment plant employees and local residents are more likely to carry antibiotic-resistant bacteria due to exposure to contaminated water or air.
- To measure how many resistant bacteria and genes are removed during the treatment process in WWTPs.
- To determine whether treatment plants could be an environment where resistance can develop or spread.
Methods
Participants included employees of WWTPs and local residents in Germany, the Netherlands and Romania. Researchers collected stool samples from participants and water samples from WWTPs. Participants also completed a questionnaire. The samples were examined in the laboratory for resistant bacteria and resistance genes. The data were then used to estimate the health effects and risks of exposure via water or air.
Results
The analyses are still ongoing. They will show whether treatment plant employees and local residents are more likely to carry antibiotic-resistant bacteria, how many resistant bacteria and genes are removed during the treatment process in WWTPs, and whether treatment plants may be an environment where resistance can develop or spread.